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Version: 1.13

ODO and Rancher Desktop

odo is a fast, iterative and straightforward CLI tool for developers who write, build, and deploy applications on Kubernetes. The odo CLI abstracts away complex Kubernetes concepts and allows developers to focus on iterating code. The helper tool can detect changes to local code and deploy them to a container orchestrated cluster automatically, giving instant feedback to validate changes in real-time. Please refer to the odo project documentation to learn more.

Prerequisites​

For this guide you will use the express-sample node.js application in the Rancher Desktop documentation repository as a way to demonstrate the use of odo and Rancher Desktop.

note

odo works with the dockerd (moby) runtime, be sure to have it selected from the preferences dialog location Preferences > Container Engine > Allowed Images.

Please ensure that Kubernetes is enabled for your application. Additionally, in order to use odo deploy, you will need to be able to build and push an image to a Docker container registry. Log in using your Docker credentials as noted below:

$ docker login docker.io
Username:
Password:
Login Succeeded!

Installation​

Install odo by visiting https://odo.dev/docs/overview/installation and perform the appropriate install for your platform. The tool can be used both as a CLI tool or an IDE plugin, as well as a few alternative install methods depending on your preference. This guide will focus on using the tool through the CLI.

Steps: odo init​

This command will initialize the application by creating a devfile.yaml for deployments.

  1. Clone the Rancher Desktop documentation repository and change your directory to the sample-express application.
git clone https://github.com/rancher-sandbox/docs.rancherdesktop.io.git
cd docs.rancherdesktop.io/assets/express-sample
  1. Before initializing, you must connect odo to your cluster via a namespace, which can be created with the command odo create namespace <name>:
odo create namespace odo-dev
Sample Output
$ odo create namespace odo-dev
✓ Creating the namespace "odo-dev" [5ms]
✓ Namespace "odo-dev" is ready for use
✓ New namespace created and now using namespace: odo-dev
  1. The command odo init will auto-detect your project framework and choose the appropriate devfile.yaml to be used for deployment of your application. The command will allow you to confirm the Devfile (Y/n), select a container to change configuration (choose none for this example), and enter a component name (e.g. my-nodejs-app).

Alternatively, the following command with the additional flags (e.g. --devfile-version 2.2.0) can be used to initialize odo and allow your application to be deployed:

odo init --name my-nodejs-app --devfile nodejs --devfile-registry DefaultDevfileRegistry --devfile-version 2.2.0
Sample Output
  __
/ \__ Initializing a new component
\__/ \
/ \__/ odo version: v3.13.0
\__/

✓ Downloading devfile "nodejs:2.2.0" from registry "DefaultDevfileRegistry" [1s]

Your new component 'my-nodejs-app' is ready in the current directory.
To start editing your component, use 'odo dev' and open this folder in your favorite IDE.
Changes will be directly reflected on the cluster.
odo init
Sample Output
$ odo init
__
/ \__ Initializing a new component
\__/ \ Files: Source code detected, a Devfile will be determined based upon source code autodetection
/ \__/ odo version: v3.13.0
\__/

Interactive mode enabled, please answer the following questions:
✓ Determining a Devfile for the current directory [910ms]
Based on the files in the current directory odo detected
Language: JavaScript
Project type: Node.js
Application ports: 3000
The devfile "nodejs:2.1.1" from the registry "DefaultDevfileRegistry" will be downloaded.
? Is this correct? Yes
✓ Downloading devfile "nodejs:2.1.1" from registry "DefaultDevfileRegistry" [933ms]

↪ Container Configuration "runtime":
OPEN PORTS:
- 3000
- 5858
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES:
- DEBUG_PORT = 5858

? Select container for which you want to change configuration? NONE - configuration is correct
? Enter component name: my-nodejs-app

You can automate this command by executing:
odo init --name my-nodejs-app --devfile nodejs --devfile-registry DefaultDevfileRegistry --devfile-version 2.1.1

Your new component 'my-nodejs-app' is ready in the current directory.
To start editing your component, use 'odo dev' and open this folder in your favorite IDE.
Changes will be directly reflected on the cluster.

Steps: odo dev​

Now, you can run the command odo dev to continuously deploy applications as you make changes to your code through your preferred IDE.

caution

You may run into an ErrImagePull error as the image may not be covered by Rancher Desktop's allowed images list. To resolve the error, please add the necessary image in Preferences > Container Engine > Allowed Images and hit apply to update allowed images immediately.

odo dev
Sample Output
$ odo dev
__
/ \__ Developing using the "my-nodejs-app" Devfile
\__/ \ Namespace: odo-dev
/ \__/ odo version: v3.13.0
\__/

↪ Running on the cluster in Dev mode
I0728 13:50:53.115137 92567 starterserver.go:123] API Server started at localhost:20000/api/v1
• Waiting for Kubernetes resources ...
âš  Pod is Pending
✓ Pod is Running
✓ Syncing files into the container [306ms]
✓ Building your application in container (command: install) [3s]
• Executing the application (command: run) ...
✓ Waiting for the application to be ready [1s]
- Forwarding from 127.0.0.1:20001 -> 3000


↪ Dev mode
Status:
Watching for changes in the current directory /Users/docs.rancherdesktop.io/assets/express-sample

Keyboard Commands:
[Ctrl+c] - Exit and delete resources from the cluster
[p] - Manually apply local changes to the application on the cluster

The express-sample application can now be accessed by the local port (127.0.0.1:20001). As an example, you can make a text change to the index.jade file in the views folder to see a real-time update to the application.

Steps: odo deploy​

This command will deploy your application to your cluster with instructions from your devfile.yaml.

  1. Be sure to be logged into the Docker container registry to push the application to, and set your container image build arguments to be the same as your container architecture using the ODO_IMAGE_BUILD_ARGS environment variable:
export ODO_IMAGE_BUILD_ARGS="--platform=linux/amd64"
  1. Update the Dockerfile in the express-sample directory to containerize the application with correct variables in order to build and push to a registry:
Sample Dockerfile
# Install the app dependencies in a full SLE Node image
FROM registry.suse.com/bci/nodejs:16

# Copy package.json and package-lock.json
COPY package*.json ./

# Install app dependencies
RUN npm install --production

# Install app dependencies
COPY . /opt/app-root/src

ENV NODE_ENV production
ENV PORT 3000

CMD ["npm", "start"]
  1. Modify the devfile.yaml to the example noted below for your container cluster.
  • Update the variables to access your container registry:
# Add the following variables code anywhere in devfile.yaml
# This MUST be a container registry you are able to access
variables:
CONTAINER_IMAGE: docker.io/<INSERTUSERNAME>/nodejs-odo-example
RESOURCE_NAME: my-nodejs-app
CONTAINER_PORT: "3000"
DOMAIN_NAME: nodejs.example.com
  • Update the Devfile schema to 2.2.0 as odo deploy makes use of this version. Additionally, there is a command to initialize odo with the correct schemaVersion: 2.2.0 noted above in the installation:
# Deploy "kind" ID's use schema 2.2.0+
schemaVersion: 2.2.0
  • The commands seen below are used for deployment activities:
Deployment Commands
# This is the main "composite" command that will run all below commands
commands:
- id: deploy
composite:
commands:
- build-image
- k8s-deployment
- k8s-service
- k8s-url
group:
isDefault: true
kind: deploy

# Below are the commands and their respective components that they are "linked" to deploy
- id: build-image
apply:
component: outerloop-build
- id: k8s-deployment
apply:
component: outerloop-deployment
- id: k8s-service
apply:
component: outerloop-service
- id: k8s-url
apply:
component: outerloop-url
  • The commands seen below are used for adding the Docker image location, K8s deployment and services to components:
Component Commands
# This will build the container image before deployment
- name: outerloop-build
image:
dockerfile:
buildContext: ${PROJECT_SOURCE}
rootRequired: false
uri: ./Dockerfile
imageName: "{{CONTAINER_IMAGE}}"
# This will create a Deployment in order to run your container image across
# the cluster.
- name: outerloop-deployment
kubernetes:
inlined: |
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
name: {{RESOURCE_NAME}}
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: {{RESOURCE_NAME}}
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: {{RESOURCE_NAME}}
spec:
containers:
- name: {{RESOURCE_NAME}}
image: {{CONTAINER_IMAGE}}
ports:
- name: http
containerPort: {{CONTAINER_PORT}}
protocol: TCP
resources:
limits:
memory: "1024Mi"
cpu: "500m"

# This will create a Service so your Deployment is accessible.
# Depending on your cluster, you may modify this code so it's a
# NodePort, ClusterIP or a LoadBalancer service.
- name: outerloop-service
kubernetes:
inlined: |
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: {{RESOURCE_NAME}}
spec:
ports:
- name: "{{CONTAINER_PORT}}"
port: {{CONTAINER_PORT}}
protocol: TCP
targetPort: {{CONTAINER_PORT}}
selector:
app: {{RESOURCE_NAME}}
type: NodePort
  • The last addition to our Devfile is adding the Kubernetes ingress component as noted below:
Ingress Commands
- name: outerloop-url
kubernetes:
inlined: |
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: {{RESOURCE_NAME}}
spec:
rules:
- host: "{{DOMAIN_NAME}}"
http:
paths:
- path: "/"
pathType: Prefix
backend:
service:
name: {{RESOURCE_NAME}}
port:
number: {{CONTAINER_PORT}}
  • Below is the example devfile.yaml that you can use to help illustrate command and variable settings after they are all put together. Please review your Devfile to match or update the appropriate variables as noted below:
Final Devfile
commands:
- exec:
commandLine: npm install
component: runtime
group:
isDefault: true
kind: build
workingDir: ${PROJECT_SOURCE}
id: install
- exec:
commandLine: npm start
component: runtime
group:
isDefault: true
kind: run
workingDir: ${PROJECT_SOURCE}
id: run
- exec:
commandLine: npm run debug
component: runtime
group:
isDefault: true
kind: debug
workingDir: ${PROJECT_SOURCE}
id: debug
- exec:
commandLine: npm test
component: runtime
group:
isDefault: true
kind: test
workingDir: ${PROJECT_SOURCE}
id: test
# This is the main "composite" command that will run all below commands
- id: deploy
composite:
commands:
- build-image
- k8s-deployment
- k8s-service
- k8s-url
group:
isDefault: true
kind: deploy
# Below are the commands and their respective components that they are "linked" to deploy
- id: build-image
apply:
component: outerloop-build
- id: k8s-deployment
apply:
component: outerloop-deployment
- id: k8s-service
apply:
component: outerloop-service
- id: k8s-url
apply:
component: outerloop-url
components:
- container:
args:
- tail
- -f
- /dev/null
endpoints:
- name: http-node
targetPort: 3000
- exposure: none
name: debug
targetPort: 5858
env:
- name: DEBUG_PORT
value: "5858"
image: registry.suse.com/bci/nodejs:16:latest
memoryLimit: 1024Mi
mountSources: true
name: runtime
# This will build the container image before deployment
- name: outerloop-build
image:
dockerfile:
buildContext: ${PROJECT_SOURCE}
rootRequired: false
uri: ./Dockerfile
imageName: "{{CONTAINER_IMAGE}}"
# This will create a Deployment in order to run your container image across
# the cluster.
- name: outerloop-deployment
kubernetes:
inlined: |
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
name: {{RESOURCE_NAME}}
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: {{RESOURCE_NAME}}
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: {{RESOURCE_NAME}}
spec:
containers:
- name: {{RESOURCE_NAME}}
image: {{CONTAINER_IMAGE}}
ports:
- name: http
containerPort: {{CONTAINER_PORT}}
protocol: TCP
resources:
limits:
memory: "1024Mi"
cpu: "500m"

# This will create a Service so your Deployment is accessible.
# Depending on your cluster, you may modify this code so it's a
# NodePort, ClusterIP or a LoadBalancer service.
- name: outerloop-service
kubernetes:
inlined: |
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: {{RESOURCE_NAME}}
spec:
ports:
- name: "{{CONTAINER_PORT}}"
port: {{CONTAINER_PORT}}
protocol: TCP
targetPort: {{CONTAINER_PORT}}
selector:
app: {{RESOURCE_NAME}}
type: NodePort
- name: outerloop-url
kubernetes:
inlined: |
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: {{RESOURCE_NAME}}
spec:
rules:
- host: "{{DOMAIN_NAME}}"
http:
paths:
- path: "/"
pathType: Prefix
backend:
service:
name: {{RESOURCE_NAME}}
port:
number: {{CONTAINER_PORT}}
metadata:
description: Stack with Node.js 16
displayName: Node.js Runtime
icon: https://nodejs.org/static/images/logos/nodejs-new-pantone-black.svg
language: JavaScript
name: my-node-app
projectType: Node.js
tags:
- Node.js
- Express
- ubi8
version: 2.1.1
schemaVersion: 2.2.0
starterProjects:
- git:
remotes:
origin: https://github.com/odo-devfiles/nodejs-ex.git
name: nodejs-starter
# Add the following variables code anywhere in devfile.yaml
# This MUST be a container registry you are able to access
variables:
CONTAINER_IMAGE: docker.io/<INSERTUSERNAME>/node-odo-example
RESOURCE_NAME: my-node-app
CONTAINER_PORT: "3000"
DOMAIN_NAME: node.example.com
  1. Now, you can run the command odo deploy to deploy the application to the cluster:
caution

You may run into an unauthorized: image error as the image may not be covered by Rancher Desktop's allowed images list. To resolve the error, please add the necessary image in Preferences > Container Engine > Allowed Images and hit apply to update allowed images immediately.

Sample Output
$ odo deploy
__
/ \__ Running the application in Deploy mode using my-node-app Devfile
\__/ \ Namespace: odo-dev
/ \__/ odo version: v3.13.0
\__/

↪ Building & Pushing Image: docker.io/arjsin/nodejs-odo-example
• Building image locally ...
[+] Building 2.7s (9/9) FINISHED
=> [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s
=> => transferring dockerfile: 405B 0.0s
=> [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s
=> => transferring context: 364B 0.0s
=> [internal] load metadata for registry.suse.com/bci/nodejs:16 2.2s
=> [1/4] FROM registry.suse.com/bci/nodejs:16@sha256:dda0e616a0fcb3dc589 0.0s
=> [internal] load build context 0.0s
=> => transferring context: 5.14kB 0.0s
=> CACHED [2/4] COPY package*.json ./ 0.0s
=> CACHED [3/4] RUN npm install --production 0.0s
=> [4/4] COPY . /opt/app-root/src 0.0s
=> exporting to image 0.4s
=> => exporting layers 0.4s
=> => writing image sha256:c6d3ed7d9fb4736d3c4e95b54054533f79d64d3a01e65 0.0s
=> => naming to docker.io/arjsin/nodejs-odo-example 0.0s
✓ Building image locally [3s]
• Pushing image to container registry ...
Using default tag: latest
The push refers to repository [docker.io/arjsin/nodejs-odo-example]
20658d9b13ba: Pushed
7b1ee26c3aea: Pushed
067890bef08d: Pushed
d08e96dfc7bc: Pushed
174c0e293bd0: Pushed
latest: digest: sha256:ca598fc0c5278e8d00cba41e14914f1d3f7a3561bd4a324f2ffcd33b166135ad size: 1368
✓ Pushing image to container registry [30s]

↪ Deploying Kubernetes Component: my-node-app
✓ Creating resource Deployment/my-node-app

↪ Deploying Kubernetes Component: my-node-app
✓ Creating resource Service/my-node-app

↪ Deploying Kubernetes Component: my-node-app
✓ Creating resource Ingress/my-node-app

Your Devfile has been successfully deployed

Steps: odo describe component​

Now, the command odo describe component can be used to view information from the Devfile such as Kubernetes components, ingresses, and the URL to access the application:

odo describe component
Sample Output
$ odo describe component
Name: my-nodejs-app
Display Name: Node.js Runtime
Project Type: Node.js
Language: JavaScript
Version: 2.2.0
Description: Node.js 18 application
Tags: Node.js, Express, ubi8

Running in: None

Supported odo features:
• Dev: true
• Deploy: false
• Debug: true

Commands:
• install
Type: exec
Group: build
Command Line: "npm install"
Component: runtime
Component Type: container
• run
Type: exec
Group: run
Command Line: "npm start"
Component: runtime
Component Type: container
• debug
Type: exec
Group: debug
Command Line: "npm run debug"
Component: runtime
Component Type: container
• test
Type: exec
Group: test
Command Line: "npm test"
Component: runtime
Component Type: container

Container components:
• runtime
Source Mapping: /projects

Steps: odo delete component​

After you have completed testing, you can free the resources used by odo by using the command odo delete component:

odo delete component
Sample Output
$ odo delete component
Searching resources to delete, please wait...
This will delete "my-node-app" from the namespace "odo-dev".
• The following resources will get deleted from cluster:
• - Deployment: my-node-app
• - Service: my-node-app
• - Ingress: my-node-app

? Are you sure you want to delete "my-node-app" and all its resources? Yes
✓ Deleting resources from cluster [52ms]
The component "my-node-app" is successfully deleted from namespace "odo-dev"